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#1 2025-01-31 17:26:27

noxnivi
Member
Registered: 2022-05-25
Posts: 7

LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

Good day,

I got a WD NVME drive mounted on an Orico usb-c case. The case has a Realtek controller. I formated the drive in KDE Partition Manager with LUKS and btrfs filesystem. Just a single partition on a GPT partition table.

Running: Linux arch 6.6.72-1-lts #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri, 17 Jan 2025 14:04:26 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Mobo is a Gigabyte Aorus B450i prowifi with ryzen 5700g.

I usually mounted the drive without issues on the computer this drive was set, and have quite some amount of info there, hardware designs, software, backups, ... Today I tried to mount it on a different computer and the disk does not appear on Dolphin, nor KDE says anything when I plug the disk to the computer through an usb-c to usb-a cable, to the USB 3.1 Gen2 connector on the mobo (back).

I can only see the drive in KDE partition manager, I can't even see it in Gparted. In KPM it shows as RTL9210 NVME on /dev/sdc. It shows Capacity 0B, Total Sectors 0, Logical sector size 512B Physical sector size 512B. No more info is shown about the drive, no Type, no Mount Point, no Label, Partition Name, Size, or Used. KPM does not show that is a luks device, nor anything else, everything is empty

dmesg -w shows this when plugging in the drive:

[ 1699.406522] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 1699.661567] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=9210, bcdDevice=20.01
[ 1699.661574] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 1699.661577] usb 1-1: Product: RTL9210
[ 1699.661579] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: Realtek
[ 1699.661581] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 012345678902
[ 1699.673372] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 1699.673689] scsi host10: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[ 1700.682635] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access     Realtek  RTL9210 NVME     1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[ 1700.695277] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 1700.695282] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] 
[ 1700.695285] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid command operation code
[ 1700.699259] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[ 1700.699262] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] 0-byte physical blocks
[ 1700.703271] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[ 1700.707251] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed
[ 1700.707254] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
[ 1700.707766] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk

I can't open the device with luksOpen:

>sudo cryptsetup open /dev/sdc1 luksrecoverytarget --type luks
>Device /dev/sdc1 does not exist or access denied.

lsusb -tv spits this:

> lsusb -tv
/:  Bus 001.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/10p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    |__ Port 001: Dev 006, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=usb-storage, 480M
        ID 0bda:9210 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL9210 M.2 NVME Adapter
    |__ Port 010: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
        ID 8087:0025 Intel Corp. Wireless-AC 9260 Bluetooth Adapter
    |__ Port 010: Dev 003, If 1, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
        ID 8087:0025 Intel Corp. Wireless-AC 9260 Bluetooth Adapter
/:  Bus 002.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/:  Bus 003.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/:  Bus 004.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/2p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/:  Bus 005.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    |__ Port 001: Dev 002, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 480M
        ID 0424:2906 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 007: Dev 005, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=[none], 480M
            ID 0424:284c Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 007: Dev 005, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 480M
            ID 0424:284c Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
    |__ Port 002: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. Hub
        |__ Port 003: Dev 004, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 056e:010c Elecom Co., Ltd M-HT1URBK HUGE Optical TrackBall
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 2, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
/:  Bus 006.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/2p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
    |__ Port 001: Dev 002, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 5000M
        ID 0424:5906 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 006: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=r8152, 5000M
            ID 0bda:8153 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8153 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter

But fdisk -l doesn't show the drive on /dev/sdc. The other drives are shown.

Now that I have the thing written down, I'm noticing that the USB 3.1 connector shows a 480M speed and reports itself as a 2.0 root hub (What The Duck!!??) Changing to other USB 3.1 Gen 2 port (only 2 available - mobo has 2x3.1 Gen2 and 4x3.1 Gen1) then lsusb -tv changes to this:

 lsusb -tv
/:  Bus 001.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/10p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    |__ Port 010: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
        ID 8087:0025 Intel Corp. Wireless-AC 9260 Bluetooth Adapter
    |__ Port 010: Dev 003, If 1, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
        ID 8087:0025 Intel Corp. Wireless-AC 9260 Bluetooth Adapter
/:  Bus 002.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/:  Bus 003.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/:  Bus 004.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/2p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/:  Bus 005.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 480M
    ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
    |__ Port 001: Dev 002, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 480M
        ID 0424:2906 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 007: Dev 005, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=[none], 480M
            ID 0424:284c Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 007: Dev 005, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 480M
            ID 0424:284c Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
    |__ Port 002: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
        ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. Hub
        |__ Port 003: Dev 004, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 056e:010c Elecom Co., Ltd M-HT1URBK HUGE Optical TrackBall
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 0, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 1, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
        |__ Port 004: Dev 006, If 2, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
            ID 3434:03a1  
/:  Bus 006.Port 001: Dev 001, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/2p, 10000M
    ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
    |__ Port 001: Dev 002, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/7p, 5000M
        ID 0424:5906 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) 
        |__ Port 006: Dev 003, If 0, Class=Vendor Specific Class, Driver=r8152, 5000M
            ID 0bda:8153 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8153 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter

Quite strange issues with the usb connectors on this board.

Another strange thing is that when I plugged the drive to the computer this drive was setup on (all using Arch and KDE) KDE always asked me for the password to mount the drive and decrypt it and it worked without issues. Or at least it seemed.

So by what is spitted out by dmesg and cryptsetup, I presume that the WD disk is wasted. Or is there any way to recover the info? I already had another WD ssd with Arch and btrfs that ended up broken completely. Is this an issue with the WD disks?

Any hints on how to solve this issue will be sincerely appreciated.

Regards,
NN

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#2 2025-01-31 17:29:51

Head_on_a_Stick
Member
From: The Wirral
Registered: 2014-02-20
Posts: 8,999
Website

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

noxnivi wrote:
[ 1700.695277] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 1700.695282] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Illegal Request [current] 
[ 1700.695285] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: Invalid command operation code
[ 1700.699259] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[ 1700.699262] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] 0-byte physical blocks

Well that doesn't look good. Check the cable and/or connector and test the drive health.

Jin, Jîyan, Azadî

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#3 2025-01-31 18:30:37

noxnivi
Member
Registered: 2022-05-25
Posts: 7

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

Good day @Head_on_a_Stick,

I checked with other cable (10Gbps cable), and on other connectors (back on the mobo, and front on the case front panel) and the result is the same, I mean, dmesg spits out the same message.

So I guess the drive is Ducked. Right?

Thanks for your quick reply.
Regards,
NN

Last edited by noxnivi (2025-01-31 18:37:44)

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#4 2025-01-31 18:45:03

Head_on_a_Stick
Member
From: The Wirral
Registered: 2014-02-20
Posts: 8,999
Website

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

noxnivi wrote:

So I guess the drive is Ducked. Right?

I am not a hardware expert so see what https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/S.M.A.R.T. says about the drive and wait to see if more expert forum members have any comments.

Jin, Jîyan, Azadî

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#5 2025-01-31 18:51:18

frostschutz
Member
Registered: 2013-11-15
Posts: 1,590

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

I also have an Orico USB-C enclosure (the transparent mini one for short 2230 nvme's), with Realtek controller.

This controller is known to be a bit picky. I had to firmware update to make it work properly (with firmware from a third-party site, so I can't really vouch for this method). If it worked before you can also try re-seating the SSD or connect it elsewhere (different enclosure or try an internal port, or pcie adapter card).

The device showing up under 480M simply means it was detected as USB2 device. However that's a separate issue. The SSD itself should still work regardless of the USB speed.

Last edited by frostschutz (2025-01-31 18:53:07)

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#6 2025-01-31 18:58:54

noxnivi
Member
Registered: 2022-05-25
Posts: 7

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

sudo smartctl --info /dev/sdc
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.6.72-1-lts] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

Read NVMe Identify Controller failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode

Looks like it is. Just found this https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=297974 checking for the smartctl thing and the dmesg -w result is the same. Posted 2 days ago. So either the disk is ducked or the usb-c case is ducked. I'll try with another case.

Thanks again @Head_on_a_Stick for your tips.
Regards,
NN

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#7 2025-01-31 19:01:28

noxnivi
Member
Registered: 2022-05-25
Posts: 7

Re: LUKS+btrfs external usb drive not mounting and showing as empty

@frostshutz, yep, its the Orico one, the transparent with the Realtek controller. I'll try with a different one and see. I have an Ugreen laying around somewhere.

Thanks.
Regards,
NN

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