Arch Linux

maxgiggs

Member

Registered: 2014-06-05

Posts: 32

[SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

Hi everybody!

I recently bought a USB DAC (FiiO E10K) and I was wondering if there was a simple method to set the sample rate (the E10K support up to 96KHz) and bit depth (up to 24bit for the E10K). As far as I understand, by editing `/etc/pulse/daemon.conf`, I can change this parameters globally and by inspection of the output of `pacmd list sinks` I can say that PulseAudio honours these settings. However, in order to change them on the fly, I need to edit the `daemon.conf` file and restart PulseAudio, which seems cumbersome. Moreover, this change the settings for *every* soundcard. Finally, by looking at `/proc/asound/soundcardX/pcmY/sub0/hw_params`, it seems that ALSA overrides these settings, therefore making them useless.

I am not an expert of the Linux audio stack, therefore I am very confused by this whole thing. For example, by selecting the ALSA output in Audacious, I would have said that the volume control of Gnome would not work any more.  However, this is not the case and the volume control still works. This is upsetting because I should conclude that the output of Audacious is not really ALSA but still PulseAudio. I have read somewhere that this behaviour is due to the fact that, in order to manage properly the audio from different sources, the ALSA output is redirected to PulseAudio, which in the end uses again the ALSA for the actual playback on hardware (making the stack something like this Application -> ALSA -> PulseAudio -> ALSA -> Hardware).

Any help is very much appreciated!

Last edited by maxgiggs (2019-04-23 20:55:52)

V1del

Forum Moderator

Registered: 2012-10-16

Posts: 21,673

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

Please post your output for these commands you mentioned, right now you are making a lot of  interpretations of what you are seeing and no one can tell you whether what you are interpreting here is correct or not.

In addition to the ones you've figured yourself please add

pacmd list-cards
pacmd list-sinks
pacmd list-sink-inputs #During playback of a source.
sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/* #Also during playback
aplay -lL
amixer -c0 #Or whatever the correct card index for your card from the previous aplay -l output is

post all of this in [ code ] tags

In general the values you are setting in /etc/pulse/daemon.conf (i'm assuming you are talking about the sampling-rate and alternate-sampling-rate) are only really relevant if the driver does not expose the information for pulseaudio (most modern ones usually do). If they do the "on-the fly" part of the story usually happens automatically as pulseaudio will relevantly coordinate with the driver so that the best possible solution is chosen for whatever you are attempting to play back at any given time. (e.g. it does not make sense to have your DAC configured to output 96KHz 24bit while you are actually playing back a 44kHz 16bit source file)

Regarding the second part of the question, that "depends" on which ALSA output device you chose within audacious. If you have pulseaudio-alsa installed and selected the 'default' ALSA device, it will route back over pulseaudio as you've surmised. If however you explicitly select the hw:0 (or relevant card index)  then audacious should exclusively lock, at least the playback device (depending on a few other factors, your control device (which controls the volume) will still be free to  be controlled by whatever wants to, so simply moving around the volume in gnome-control-center is not a sufficiently clear indicator whether or not actual playback is still routed over pulse or using ALSA directly (in the former case ALSA -> pulse you would see an [alsa-plugin] denoted sink among your pulse sinks). Both of these can be relevantly determined by posting the

sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/*

output during playback.

Last edited by V1del (2019-04-23 12:02:25)

Slithery

Administrator

From: Norfolk, UK

Registered: 2013-12-01

Posts: 5,776

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

ALSA/pulseaudio is a complex combination.

They both consist of several parts, for example ALSA contains hardware drivers as well as userspace applications. In your Application -> ALSA -> PulseAudio -> ALSA -> Hardware example different bits of ALSA are used in the different positions, it's not like you're running through the whole stack twice.

A good diagram that can help to explain...
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ … am.svg.png

---

No, it didn't "fix" anything. It just shifted the brokeness one space to the right. - jasonwryan
Closing -- for deletion; Banning -- for muppetry. - jasonwryan

aur - dotfiles

maxgiggs

Member

Registered: 2014-06-05

Posts: 32

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

First of all, thanks for both your answers. I understand now that the inner workings of the audio stack are more complicated and require less manual interventions than I thought. However, I still would like to check and correct the sample rate and depth of the output for a given source in the (unlikely) case the wrong ones are selected.

Here's the outputs of all the listed commands while playing a 96KHz/24bit FLAC file with Audacious and default settings (the file was obtained from an audio CD backup just to check that everything is OK).

#pacmd list sinks
Memory blocks currently allocated: 42, size: 888,4 KiB.
Memory blocks allocated during the whole lifetime: 571599, size: 1,8 GiB.
Memory blocks imported from other processes: 26, size: 721,0 KiB.
Memory blocks exported to other processes: 0, size: 0 B.
Total sample cache size: 0 B.
Default sample spec: s16le ch 2 44100 Hz
Default channel map: front-left,front-right
Default sink name: alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo
Default source name: alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo
Memory blocks of type POOL: 16 allocated/284547 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type POOL_EXTERNAL: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type APPENDED: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type USER: 0 allocated/0 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type FIXED: 0 allocated/207889 accumulated.
Memory blocks of type IMPORTED: 26 allocated/79163 accumulated.
29 module(s) loaded.
    index: 0
	name: <module-device-restore>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute state of devices"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 1
	name: <module-stream-restore>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute/device state of streams"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 2
	name: <module-card-restore>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Automatically restore profile of cards"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 3
	name: <module-augment-properties>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Augment the property sets of streams with additional static information"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 4
	name: <module-switch-on-port-available>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "David Henningsson"
		module.description = "Switches ports and profiles when devices are plugged/unplugged"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 5
	name: <module-udev-detect>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Detect available audio hardware and load matching drivers"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 6
	name: <module-alsa-card>
	argument: <device_id="1" name="usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01" card_name="alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1">
	used: 1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "ALSA Card"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 7
	name: <module-alsa-card>
	argument: <device_id="0" name="pci-0000_00_1f.3" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1">
	used: 0
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "ALSA Card"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 8
	name: <module-bluetooth-policy>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Frédéric Dalleau, Pali Rohár"
		module.description = "Policy module to make using bluetooth devices out-of-the-box easier"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 9
	name: <module-bluetooth-discover>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
		module.description = "Detect available Bluetooth daemon and load the corresponding discovery module"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 10
	name: <module-bluez5-discover>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
		module.description = "Detect available BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio devices and load BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio drivers"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 11
	name: <module-dbus-protocol>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Tanu Kaskinen"
		module.description = "D-Bus interface"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 12
	name: <module-esound-protocol-unix>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "ESOUND protocol (UNIX sockets)"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 13
	name: <module-native-protocol-unix>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Native protocol (UNIX sockets)"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 14
	name: <module-gsettings>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Sylvain Baubeau"
		module.description = "GSettings Adapter"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 15
	name: <module-default-device-restore>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Automatically restore the default sink and source"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 16
	name: <module-rescue-streams>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "When a sink/source is removed, try to move its streams to the default sink/source"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 17
	name: <module-always-sink>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
		module.description = "Mantiene sempre almeno un sink caricato anche se è nullo"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 18
	name: <module-intended-roles>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Automatically set device of streams based on intended roles of devices"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 19
	name: <module-suspend-on-idle>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "When a sink/source is idle for too long, suspend it"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 20
	name: <module-console-kit>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Create a client for each ConsoleKit session of this user"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 21
	name: <module-systemd-login>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Create a client for each login session of this user"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 22
	name: <module-position-event-sounds>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Position event sounds between L and R depending on the position on screen of the widget triggering them."
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 23
	name: <module-role-cork>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Mute & cork streams with certain roles while others exist"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 24
	name: <module-filter-heuristics>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
		module.description = "Detect when various filters are desirable"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 25
	name: <module-filter-apply>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: yes
	properties:
		module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
		module.description = "Load filter sinks automatically when needed"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 26
	name: <module-x11-publish>
	argument: <display=:0>
	used: -1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "X11 credential publisher"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 27
	name: <module-x11-xsmp>
	argument: <display=:0 session_manager=local/proteus-t470:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/748,unix/proteus-t470:/tmp/.ICE-unix/748>
	used: -1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "X11 session management"
		module.version = "12.2"
    index: 28
	name: <module-cli-protocol-unix>
	argument: <>
	used: -1
	load once: no
	properties:
		module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
		module.description = "Command line interface protocol (UNIX sockets)"
		module.version = "12.2"
2 sink(s) available.
  * index: 0
	name: <alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: RUNNING
	suspend cause: (none)
	priority: 9049
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 468,94 ms
	max request: 86 KiB
	max rewind: 86 KiB
	monitor source: 0
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 48000 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 1
	linked by: 1
	configured latency: 460,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 1837,50 ms
	card: 0 <alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01>
	module: 6
	properties:
		alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
		device.api = "alsa"
		device.class = "sound"
		alsa.class = "generic"
		alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
		alsa.name = "USB Audio"
		alsa.id = "USB Audio"
		alsa.subdevice = "0"
		alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
		alsa.device = "0"
		alsa.card = "1"
		alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, full speed"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:1:1.1"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.1/sound/card1"
		udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01"
		device.bus = "usb"
		device.vendor.id = "1852"
		device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD"
		device.product.id = "7022"
		device.product.name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio"
		device.string = "front:1"
		device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
		device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
		device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
		device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
		device.profile.description = "Stereo analogico"
		device.description = "DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico"
		alsa.mixer_name = "USB Mixer"
		alsa.components = "USB1852:7022"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
	ports:
		analog-output: Uscita analogica (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
	active port: <analog-output>
    index: 1
	name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: SUSPENDED
	suspend cause: IDLE
	priority: 9039
	volume: front-left: 48360 /  74% / -7,92 dB,   front-right: 48360 /  74% / -7,92 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 0,00 ms
	max request: 0 KiB
	max rewind: 0 KiB
	monitor source: 2
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 44100 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 0
	linked by: 0
	configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
	card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
	module: 7
	properties:
		alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
		device.api = "alsa"
		device.class = "sound"
		alsa.class = "generic"
		alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
		alsa.name = "ALC298 Analog"
		alsa.id = "ALC298 Analog"
		alsa.subdevice = "0"
		alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
		alsa.device = "0"
		alsa.card = "0"
		alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
		alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc240000 irq 132"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
		device.bus = "pci"
		device.vendor.id = "8086"
		device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
		device.product.id = "9d71"
		device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio"
		device.form_factor = "internal"
		device.string = "front:0"
		device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
		device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
		device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
		device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
		device.profile.description = "Stereo analogico"
		device.description = "Audio interno Stereo analogico"
		alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC298"
		alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0298,17aa2245,00100103 HDA:8086280b,80860101,00100000"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
	ports:
		analog-output-speaker: Altoparlanti (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
		analog-output-headphones: Cuffie analogiche (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
	active port: <analog-output-speaker>
4 source(s) available.
    index: 0
	name: <alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo.monitor>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: IDLE
	suspend cause: (none)
	priority: 1040
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 0,00 ms
	max rewind: 86 KiB
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 48000 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 0
	linked by: 0
	configured latency: 1837,50 ms; range is 0,50 .. 1837,50 ms
	monitor_of: 0
	card: 0 <alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01>
	module: 6
	properties:
		device.description = "Monitor of DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico"
		device.class = "monitor"
		alsa.card = "1"
		alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, full speed"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:1:1.1"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.1/sound/card1"
		udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01"
		device.bus = "usb"
		device.vendor.id = "1852"
		device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD"
		device.product.id = "7022"
		device.product.name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio"
		device.string = "1"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
    index: 1
	name: <alsa_input.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: SUSPENDED
	suspend cause: IDLE
	priority: 9049
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 0,00 ms
	max rewind: 0 KiB
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 44100 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 0
	linked by: 0
	configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
	card: 0 <alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01>
	module: 6
	properties:
		alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
		device.api = "alsa"
		device.class = "sound"
		alsa.class = "generic"
		alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
		alsa.name = "USB Audio"
		alsa.id = "USB Audio"
		alsa.subdevice = "0"
		alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
		alsa.device = "0"
		alsa.card = "1"
		alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, full speed"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:1:1.1"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.1/sound/card1"
		udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01"
		device.bus = "usb"
		device.vendor.id = "1852"
		device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD"
		device.product.id = "7022"
		device.product.name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio"
		device.string = "front:1"
		device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
		device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
		device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
		device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
		device.profile.description = "Stereo analogico"
		device.description = "DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico"
		alsa.mixer_name = "USB Mixer"
		alsa.components = "USB1852:7022"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
	ports:
		analog-input: Ingresso analogico (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
	active port: <analog-input>
    index: 2
	name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: SUSPENDED
	suspend cause: IDLE
	priority: 1030
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 0,00 ms
	max rewind: 0 KiB
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 44100 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 0
	linked by: 0
	configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
	monitor_of: 1
	card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
	module: 7
	properties:
		device.description = "Monitor of Audio interno Stereo analogico"
		device.class = "monitor"
		alsa.card = "0"
		alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
		alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc240000 irq 132"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
		device.bus = "pci"
		device.vendor.id = "8086"
		device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
		device.product.id = "9d71"
		device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio"
		device.form_factor = "internal"
		device.string = "0"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
  * index: 3
	name: <alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
	state: SUSPENDED
	suspend cause: IDLE
	priority: 9039
	volume: front-left: 33318 /  51% / -17,63 dB,   front-right: 33318 /  51% / -17,63 dB
	        balance 0,00
	base volume: 6554 /  10% / -60,00 dB
	volume steps: 65537
	muted: no
	current latency: 0,00 ms
	max rewind: 0 KiB
	sample spec: s16le ch 2 44100 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	used by: 0
	linked by: 0
	configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
	card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
	module: 7
	properties:
		alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
		device.api = "alsa"
		device.class = "sound"
		alsa.class = "generic"
		alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
		alsa.name = "ALC298 Analog"
		alsa.id = "ALC298 Analog"
		alsa.subdevice = "0"
		alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
		alsa.device = "0"
		alsa.card = "0"
		alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
		alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc240000 irq 132"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
		device.bus = "pci"
		device.vendor.id = "8086"
		device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
		device.product.id = "9d71"
		device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio"
		device.form_factor = "internal"
		device.string = "front:0"
		device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
		device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
		device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
		device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
		device.profile.description = "Stereo analogico"
		device.description = "Audio interno Stereo analogico"
		alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC298"
		alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0298,17aa2245,00100103 HDA:8086280b,80860101,00100000"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
	ports:
		analog-input-internal-mic: Microfono interno (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-dock-mic: Microfono docking station (priority 7800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-mic: Microfono (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
	active port: <analog-input-internal-mic>
8 client(s) logged in.
    index: 0
	driver: <module-systemd-login.c>
	owner module: 21
	properties:
		application.name = "Login Session 1"
		systemd-login.session = "1"
    index: 1
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	owner module: 13
	properties:
		application.name = "GNOME Shell Volume Control"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
		application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
		application.version = "3.32.1"
		application.process.id = "785"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "gnome-shell"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
    index: 4
	driver: <module-x11-xsmp.c>
	owner module: 27
	properties:
		application.name = "XSMP Session on gnome-session as 108b5b14bc8cff1263155601541959603800000007480049"
		xsmp.vendor = "gnome-session"
		xsmp.client.id = "108b5b14bc8cff1263155601541959603800000007480049"
    index: 5
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	owner module: 13
	properties:
		application.name = "GNOME Volume Control Media Keys"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
		application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
		application.version = ""
		application.process.id = "901"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "gsd-media-keys"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
    index: 11
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	owner module: 13
	properties:
		application.name = "AudioIPC Server"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.process.id = "1273"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "firefox"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
		application.icon_name = "firefox"
    index: 12
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	owner module: 13
	properties:
		application.name = "Firefox"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.icon_name = "firefox"
		application.version = "66.0.3"
		application.process.id = "1273"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "firefox"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
    index: 21
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	owner module: 13
	properties:
		application.name = "Audacious"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.process.id = "6818"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "audacious"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
		application.icon_name = "audacious"
    index: 23
	driver: <cli.c>
	owner module: 28
	properties:
		application.name = "UNIX socket client"
2 card(s) available.
    index: 0
	name: <alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	owner module: 6
	properties:
		alsa.card = "1"
		alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, full speed"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:1:1.1"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.1/sound/card1"
		udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01"
		device.bus = "usb"
		device.vendor.id = "1852"
		device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD"
		device.product.id = "7022"
		device.product.name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio"
		device.string = "1"
		device.description = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
	profiles:
		input:analog-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 65, available: unknown)
		input:iec958-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 55, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» (priority 6500, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Duplex stereo analogico (priority 6565, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:iec958-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» + Ingresso «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 6555, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo: Uscita «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 5500, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5565, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo+input:iec958-stereo: Duplex stereo digitale (IEC958) (priority 5555, available: unknown)
		off: Spento (priority 0, available: unknown)
	active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
	sinks:
		alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo/#0: DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
	sources:
		alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo.monitor/#0: Monitor of DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
		alsa_input.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo/#1: DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
	ports:
		analog-input: Ingresso analogico (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		iec958-stereo-input: Ingresso digitale (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		analog-output: Uscita analogica (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		iec958-stereo-output: Uscita digitale (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
    index: 1
	name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	owner module: 7
	properties:
		alsa.card = "0"
		alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
		alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc240000 irq 132"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
		device.bus = "pci"
		device.vendor.id = "8086"
		device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
		device.product.id = "9d71"
		device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio"
		device.form_factor = "internal"
		device.string = "0"
		device.description = "Audio interno"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
	profiles:
		input:analog-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 65, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» (priority 6500, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Duplex stereo analogico (priority 6565, available: unknown)
		output:analog-surround-40: Uscita «Surround analogico 4.0» (priority 1200, available: unknown)
		output:analog-surround-40+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Surround analogico 4.0» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 1265, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI)» (priority 5900, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5965, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI)» (priority 800, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 865, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI)» (priority 800, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 865, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 3)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 4)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra4: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 5)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra4: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra4: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		off: Spento (priority 0, available: unknown)
	active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
	sinks:
		alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#1: Audio interno Stereo analogico
	sources:
		alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor/#2: Monitor of Audio interno Stereo analogico
		alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#3: Audio interno Stereo analogico
	ports:
		analog-input-internal-mic: Microfono interno (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-dock-mic: Microfono docking station (priority 7800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-mic: Microfono (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-output-speaker: Altoparlanti (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
		analog-output-headphones: Cuffie analogiche (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
		hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-4: HDMI / DisplayPort 5 (priority 5500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
1 sink input(s) available.
    index: 15
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	flags: 
	state: RUNNING
	sink: 0 <alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo>
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	muted: no
	current latency: 255,00 ms
	requested latency: 460,00 ms
	sample spec: float32le ch 2 96000 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	resample method: speex-float-1
	module: 13
	client: 21 <Audacious>
	properties:
		media.name = "Audacious"
		application.name = "Audacious"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.process.id = "6818"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "audacious"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
		application.icon_name = "audacious"
		module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:Audacious"
0 source output(s) available.
0 cache entrie(s) available.

#cat /proc/asound/card1/pcm0p/sub0/hw_params
access: MMAP_INTERLEAVED
format: S16_LE
subformat: STD
channels: 2
rate: 48000 (48000/1)
period_size: 44100
buffer_size: 88200

#pacmd list-cards
2 card(s) available.
    index: 0
	name: <alsa_card.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	owner module: 6
	properties:
		alsa.card = "1"
		alsa.card_name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		alsa.long_card_name = "FiiO DigiHug USB Audio at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, full speed"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:1:1.1"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.1/sound/card1"
		udev.id = "usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01"
		device.bus = "usb"
		device.vendor.id = "1852"
		device.vendor.name = "GYROCOM C&C Co., LTD"
		device.product.id = "7022"
		device.product.name = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		device.serial = "FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio"
		device.string = "1"
		device.description = "DigiHug USB Audio"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
	profiles:
		input:analog-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 65, available: unknown)
		input:iec958-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 55, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» (priority 6500, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Duplex stereo analogico (priority 6565, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:iec958-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» + Ingresso «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 6555, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo: Uscita «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» (priority 5500, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo digitale (IEC958)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5565, available: unknown)
		output:iec958-stereo+input:iec958-stereo: Duplex stereo digitale (IEC958) (priority 5555, available: unknown)
		off: Spento (priority 0, available: unknown)
	active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
	sinks:
		alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo/#0: DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
	sources:
		alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo.monitor/#0: Monitor of DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
		alsa_input.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo/#1: DigiHug USB Audio Stereo analogico
	ports:
		analog-input: Ingresso analogico (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		iec958-stereo-input: Ingresso digitale (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		analog-output: Uscita analogica (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
		iec958-stereo-output: Uscita digitale (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				
    index: 1
	name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
	driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
	owner module: 7
	properties:
		alsa.card = "0"
		alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
		alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xdc240000 irq 132"
		alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
		device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
		sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
		device.bus = "pci"
		device.vendor.id = "8086"
		device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
		device.product.id = "9d71"
		device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio"
		device.form_factor = "internal"
		device.string = "0"
		device.description = "Audio interno"
		module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
		device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
	profiles:
		input:analog-stereo: Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 65, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo: Uscita «Stereo analogico» (priority 6500, available: unknown)
		output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Duplex stereo analogico (priority 6565, available: unknown)
		output:analog-surround-40: Uscita «Surround analogico 4.0» (priority 1200, available: unknown)
		output:analog-surround-40+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Surround analogico 4.0» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 1265, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI)» (priority 5900, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5965, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI)» (priority 800, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 865, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI)» (priority 800, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 865, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 3)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 4)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra4: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 5)» (priority 5700, available: no)
		output:hdmi-stereo-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Stereo (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 5765, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra4: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra4: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5)» (priority 600, available: no)
		output:hdmi-surround71-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Uscita «Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5)» + Ingresso «Stereo analogico» (priority 665, available: unknown)
		off: Spento (priority 0, available: unknown)
	active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
	sinks:
		alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#1: Audio interno Stereo analogico
	sources:
		alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor/#2: Monitor of Audio interno Stereo analogico
		alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#3: Audio interno Stereo analogico
	ports:
		analog-input-internal-mic: Microfono interno (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-dock-mic: Microfono docking station (priority 7800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-input-mic: Microfono (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
		analog-output-speaker: Altoparlanti (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
		analog-output-headphones: Cuffie analogiche (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
		hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"
		hdmi-output-4: HDMI / DisplayPort 5 (priority 5500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
			properties:
				device.icon_name = "video-display"

#pacmd list-sink-input
1 sink input(s) available.
    index: 17
	driver: <protocol-native.c>
	flags: 
	state: RUNNING
	sink: 0 <alsa_output.usb-FiiO_DigiHug_USB_Audio-01.analog-stereo>
	volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
	        balance 0,00
	muted: no
	current latency: 500,00 ms
	requested latency: 460,00 ms
	sample spec: float32le ch 2 96000 Hz
	channel map: front-left,front-right
	             Stereo
	resample method: speex-float-1
	module: 13
	client: 25 <Audacious>
	properties:
		media.name = "Audacious"
		application.name = "Audacious"
		native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
		native-protocol.version = "32"
		application.process.id = "6818"
		application.process.user = "max"
		application.process.host = "proteus-t470"
		application.process.binary = "audacious"
		application.language = "it_IT.UTF-8"
		window.x11.display = ":0"
		application.process.machine_id = "da122a69484c45ab860411e0da44b848"
		application.process.session_id = "1"
		application.icon_name = "audacious"
		module-stream-restore.id = "sink-input-by-application-name:Audacious"

#sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/*
                                      UTENTE      PID     ACCESSO COMANDO
/dev/snd/controlC0:      max            F....     pulseaudio
/dev/snd/controlC1:      max            F....     pulseaudio
/dev/snd/pcmC1D0p:    max            F...m   pulseaudio

#aplay -lL
null
    Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
jack
    JACK Audio Connection Kit
pulse
    PulseAudio Sound Server
default
    Default ALSA Output (currently PulseAudio Sound Server)
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    Default Audio Device
front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    Front speakers
surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, ALC298 Analog
    7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
    HDA Intel PCH, HDMI 0
    HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=1
    HDA Intel PCH, HDMI 1
    HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=2
    HDA Intel PCH, HDMI 2
    HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=3
    HDA Intel PCH, HDMI 3
    HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=PCH,DEV=4
    HDA Intel PCH, HDMI 4
    HDMI Audio Output
usbstream:CARD=PCH
    HDA Intel PCH
    USB Stream Output
sysdefault:CARD=Audio
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    Front speakers
surround21:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=Audio,DEV=0
    DigiHug USB Audio, USB Audio
    IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
usbstream:CARD=Audio
    DigiHug USB Audio
    USB Stream Output
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC298 Analog [ALC298 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: Audio [DigiHug USB Audio], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
  Subdevices: 0/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: Audio [DigiHug USB Audio], device 1: USB Audio [USB Audio #1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

# amixer -c1
Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
  Capabilities: pvolume pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
  Limits: Playback 0 - 110
  Mono:
  Front Left: Playback 110 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
  Front Right: Playback 110 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]

The following are the output of the same commands with ALSA output in Audacious (PCM hw:1,0 / Mixer hw:1).

#cat /proc/asound/card1/pcm0p/sub0/hw_params
access: RW_INTERLEAVED
format: S16_LE
subformat: STD
channels: 2
rate: 96000 (96000/1)
period_size: 5952
buffer_size: 24000

#pacmd list-sink-inputs
0 sink input(s) available.

#sudo fuser -v /dev/snd/*
                                     UTENTE      PID    ACCESSO COMANDO
/dev/snd/controlC0:     max            837   F....            pulseaudio
/dev/snd/controlC1:     max            837   F....            pulseaudio
                                     max            6818 F....            audacious
/dev/snd/pcmC1D0p:   max            6818 F...m         audacious

In the second case, it seems to me that the right sample rate is chosen (however the depth is still 16 bit instead of 24).  Therefore the question with Audacious is more or less solved (I suppose). Nonetheless, how can I guarantee that there aren't unnecessary resamplings with other applications (such as Spotify, I have a premium account) that do not allow to chose the output in the audio settings?

maxgiggs

Member

Registered: 2014-06-05

Posts: 32

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

Update: If I manually select 24bit depth in Audacious then ALSA honours the settings

#cat /proc/asound/card1/pcm0p/sub0/hw_params             
access: RW_INTERLEAVED
format: S24_3LE
subformat: STD
channels: 2
rate: 96000 (96000/1)
period_size: 5952
buffer_size: 24000

V1del

Forum Moderator

Registered: 2012-10-16

Posts: 21,673

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

Just in general for pulseaudio you might want to set

avoid-resampling = yes

in your /etc/pulse/daemon.conf which should make it switch the output rate around more often, to accommodate whatever the input source requests. This should, at least as long as you have a single audio source playing, mostly directly match the sample rate of the input if possible (as soon as you have more than one, the first source will "win" and open the card at its wanted rate, and everyone else has to be resampled if their rate is different)

Ultimately the two defaults of 44100 and 48000  will cover 90% of the sampling rates you will actually encounter in "unstaged" setups. To pick up on your example, if the source of that flac was indeed a normal audiocd, then you've just created an artificially upmixed flac from a 44.1kHz 16bit audiocd source (though I'd assume FLAC encoders in particular to be smart enough to not actually have changed much in the end).  Any "improvements" you might hear here are either placebo or the relevant resamplers having had an audible effect, which you ultimately don't want either way. E.g. spotify, will for the majority of tracks have 44.1kHz or 48kHz (and as far as the human ear is concerned, that will cover the entire audible range)

Regardless of what applications that don't let you set those settings (like spotify) do (and if your intended goal is to get your audio as unaltered as possible, you don't want options to arbitrarily set this (because if you have those options, then simply *that* application will do the resampling))  to check whether pulse has to apply resampling to any given input you can check the output of 

pacmd list-sink-inputs

where the sample rate it sees will be listed and the resample-method field will show you whether it has to apply resampling to satisfy the sampling rate of your audio card  your input stream is going to. if that is empty or null then the source can be passed to the audio card unaltered (at least, from what pulseaudio "sees", there's no guarantee that the application you are using does not use it's own resampling, before passing that to pulse).

In general if you'd like your audio to reach the DAC as unaltered as possible, the most guaranteed way would be via direct ALSA access, which will exclusively open the card at the correct sample rate, with the obvious caveat of being exclusive. pulseaudio with the avoid-resampling option set should do it's best as far as possible.

If you have some more vested interest in this and why just having 192KHz/24 isn't the end all be all (and why we still mostly have 44/48 for most audio sources) you might be interested in reading this article by Monty who is both, someone that knows what he's talking about and someone that doesn't want to fuck you over by selling you higher numbers == better.

Last edited by V1del (2019-04-24 10:46:46)

maxgiggs

Member

Registered: 2014-06-05

Posts: 32

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

Thanks for the in-depth reply and for the link, it really is an interesting reading.

As a side note, going slightly off-topic for a moment, I totally agree with you on the subject of high resolution audio. However, because hi-fi is a polarizing topic and I don't want to offend anybody, I will just say that I am personally unable to hear any difference between 96/24 and 44.1/16 audio files (although I have to say that the albums in the hi-res market are often remastered with special care, see the 2017 Sgt. Pepper).

Being that said, I was worried about unnecessary resampling, mostly because of my lack of experience in the field and my inability to quantify the entity of the alterations introduced. In the end, it's nice to have an option to encourage PulseAudio to avoid resampling and a debug tool to check.

Problem solved (as always, Arch has the most awesome community).

Last edited by maxgiggs (2019-04-23 20:55:14)

d_fajardo

Member

Registered: 2017-07-28

Posts: 1,568

Re: [SOLVED] USB DAC (FiiO E10K) sample rate and depth

I quite agree with this. I have a flac copy and a DSD copy of Clapton's Slow Hand and playing them both bit-perfect in my DAC I can't hear any difference. I do have an audiophile friend who says hear a difference (he was the one who gave me the DSD copy). It's either I don't hear very well or he's imagining things but I also don't want to offend anyone. Anyway I setup my DAC bit-perfect since that's what its suppose to do.