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Boring. Unfortunately.
Let's see what we get for "en_US ISO-8859-1" - uncomment the locale, don't forget to run "locale-gen" and try "LC_ALL=en_US.iso88591 matlab"
I suspect that matlab ships a bunch of scripts to interpret the input and at least one of them has a bogus™ encoding.
Does it happen to write a more verbose log somewhere?
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I didn't quite follow your suggestion exactly, but nevertheless the problem seems to have been cured. Before running locale-gen I decided to just try "LC_ALL=en_US.iso88591 matlab"
the setting operation was not allowed, but the default matlab (R2019b) started up fine (no mysterious error box), and then I could not provoke it to appear. I then launched R2020a matlab in the same way, and it also was "cured."
I killed the shell, started a new one, and then started both matlab versions without the preceding statement; still cured.
What is really confusing is how this could've gotten screwed up in real time by running a simple matlab script.
Anyway thanks much. I owe you a beer.
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