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There are two packages: A and B. Package B depends on package A. For example, package A is a library. And package B is a utility that uses this library. A new version of package A is released and gets a new version number.
1) Will package B be rebuilt in the repository?
2) Will package B get a new version number?
3) Will pacman download package B when I update my OS?
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I would like to find out too! I assume that the package B will be tested with the new version of package A, and: if everything works well, only package A will get an update; else there will be an update for package B as well that works with the new version of package A. I think the package B will get a new version number, it's a common practice when a new version is released only to provide support with new versions of the dependencies.
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1. maybe
2. ideally (the last field after the dash indicates the build)
3. if your mirror is ok and the package isn't in your pacmans ignore list
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XY_problem
Does your question somehow imply "rebuilt automagically"?
No.
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We usually do rebuilds for incompatible library versions such as https://archlinux.org/todo/abseil-cpp-2 … tobuf-310/.
On update tooling tells us packagers whether there is a soname incompatiblity, a rebuild is then prepared in staging and then moved to the testing repositories.
After successful testing it gets moved to the stable repositories
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